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Implantation
The brown trout is originating in the northern of Europe. and its was possible after the last diluvial period. Thus its surface of distribution covers septentrional, central and Western Europe. There exists a strong genetic diversity in this species this at the point to find several subspecies into various areas. Following very many introductions, is established in good numbers of countries on all the continents.
Lifestyle
This trout although considered sedentary contrary to sea trout, does not prevent it from carrying out important displacements (5 to m) in the hydrological network. It is a water running fish and request an important quantity of oxygen. Thus a clear water, little or not charged in particles will have its preference. It is thus logically that one finds it at a certain altitude, in the rivers and the torrents but also in the lakes. With his preferences of habitat, one will note that the nature of the funds is quite as important.
The brown trout according to its size has a more or less vast territory. It understands an area of rest as well as an area of hunting as the trout does not agree to share with its congeneric. This behavior is flexible according to the social hierarchy which is implemented in the world of trout. One can thus note certain regroupings for the winter when the temperatures drop.
From October at December, the migration for the search for spawning grounds is carried out mainly the night. The amplitude of these displacements can be important just as the return of a sire towards S area of hunting can be fast. The brown trout is a carnivorous fish. It consumes as well invertebrates as watery insects as well as air.
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Scientific name:
Family:
Other names: , Beautiful , Wild - English: Brown
Maximum weight: 300 to 500 G (up to g)
Maximum length: 20-50 cm (until )
Lifespan: 4 to 6 years (up to 10 years in lake)
Period of abrasion: November at January
Bridge: 2.000 to 4.000 ovocytes per kg.
The morphology of brown trout known as “” does not forward notable differences with sea trout. The characteristics common to different trout are to have a spindle-shaped and hurled body, a rather large head with a mouth split well, small teeth on the the roof and the language. They have in common to have a fin of small size and fat between the ridge and the caudal one and finally a skin smoothes even if it beautiful and is well covered with small scales. The digestive tract of trout is short. It has on the other hand a stomach developed perfectly in conformity with its fuel supply. The sensitivities olfactive and gustatory of trout are particularly developed. The colors of brown trout are variable and this according to its habitat. The back is dark with nuance of black, gray blue-green or more or less dark brown-green. The sides of this trout are mottled brown-yellows of point blacks and often of red points. Its belly is rather white, to see sometimes yellowish. According to its environment the pigmentary airframes influence the color of its dress. There is a faculty of camouflage. This being, the genetics keeps a considerable influence on the alternatives of colors and even makes it possible to differentiate the native or introduced populations, to see to even identify their hybrids.
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With the top of a size of 30 cm, it consumes mainly small fish like Minnows, the Chubs or alevins of Booms. Regime acts it sometimes has acts of cannibalism.
For the capture of its preys, the trout very often adopts the technique of the stationary stroke. Its vision enables to identify easily him its food. Its activity is as well diurnal as night and varies according to the season.
In winter, the trout decreases its energy expenditure to nourish itself and goes until more feeding from long weeks. It will compensate for this fast spring following with an intense activity between April and June. Another period of intense activity is to be noticed between September and October. But those is the prelude to its period of reproduction which requires an important energy.
The sexual maturity of the trout is generally reached at 3 years. The winter laying intervenes in cool water, ideally with 6°C. It intervenes on a spawning ground which has very characteristics. All is needed at the same time current, a low height of water and a granulometry of the substrate which is appropriate.
After the digging of a basin of a few 10 cm of depth, will deposit there its eggs which the male will come at once to fertilize. Fecundation lasts approximately 40 days in a water with 10°C.La growth of brown trout depends on its environment (temperature, food). It is relatively slow in the torrents that in the lakes.
Fish
Attention because the legal size of capture defers from one department to another.
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